Forging is the process by which metal is heated and shaped by plastic deformation by suitably applying compressive force.
Forging is a manufacturing process by which metal is pressed, pounded or squeezed under great pressure into high strength parts. The process is normally (but not always) performed hot by preheating the metal to a desired temperature before it is worked. It’s important to note that the
forging process is entirely different from the casting (or foundry) process, as metal used to make forged parts is never melted and poured (as in the casting process). Forging refines the grain structure and improves the physical properties of the metal, so that the grain flow can b
e oriented in the direction of principal stresses encountered in actual use. Physical properties such as strength, ductility, and toughness are much better in a forging than in the base metal.
LDF forgings are normally made from special bar-quality steel. As steel bars are rolled, the grain structure within the steel is forced to flow along the centerline of the bar. When a standard or custom forging is produced from the bar, this inherent grain flow bends to follow the contour of the forged shape, thus producing a superior part. Any machined part, whether produced from bars or plate, will, by definition, cut through part of the grain flow. Just about any metal can be forged. However, some of the most common include: carbon, alloy and stainless steels; very hard tool steels; aluminum; titanium; brass and copper; and high-temperature alloys which contain cobalt, nickel, or molybdenum. Each metal has distinct strength or weight characteristics that best apply to specific parts as determined by the customer.
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